Nikah Beda Agama Perspektif Al-Razi dalam Kitab Al-Mahsul sebagai Bagian Pendidikan Hukum Keluarga Islam

Almu'min Almu'min, Abdul Muqsith

Abstract


Penelitian ini mengkaji metodologi usul fikih Al-Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi (544–606 H) dalam Al-Mahsul fi 'Ilm Usul al-Fiqh, khususnya kaidah bina' al-'amm 'ala al-khass sebagai instrumen ijtihad dalam menyelesaikan kasus nikah beda agama. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif berbasis kajian kepustakaan, penelitian ini menganalisis argumentasi Al-Razi bahwa dalil khass memiliki implikasi normatif yang lebih kuat (awla dalalatan) dibanding dalil 'amm, sehingga berfungsi sebagai mukhassish yang determinatif dalam penetapan hukum. Penerapan kaidah ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa QS Al-Maidah: 5 yang membolehkan pria Muslim menikahi wanita Ahlul Kitab merupakan takhsis dari larangan umum QS Al-Baqarah: 221. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada rekonstruksi sistematis kaidah Al-Razi sebagai kerangka metodologis yang belum dieksplisitkan dalam kajian usul fikih kontemporer tentang nikah beda agama. Temuan ini relevan bagi pengembangan pendidikan hukum keluarga Islam yang berbasis metodologi usul fikih klasik secara kritis dan kontekstual.


Keywords


Nikah Beda Agama, Al-Razi, Al-Mahsul, Usul Fikih, Pendidikan Hukum Keluarga Islam, Takhsis, Bina' Al-'Amm 'Ala Al-Khass.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v8i2.8956

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